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The Indian Journal of Contemporary Legal and Social Issues publishes rigorous, accessible scholarship at the intersection of law, society, technology, and governance.

Criminal Law
Protection Of Children From Sexual Offences Act, ...
Sakshi
Criminal Law8 min
Property Law/Civil Procedure
When Property Has No Owner: A Jurisprudential Ana...
Sourav Kar
Property Law/Civil Procedure8 min
Cyber Law/Contract Law
Unpacking The Illusion: A Legal Deconstruction Of...
Shelly
Cyber Law/Contract Law8 min
Constitutional Law
Autonomous Governance Under The Indian Constituti...
Samhita Anil Adya
Constitutional Law8 min
Environmental Law
From Planning To Pollution: Environmental Degrada...
Akanksha
Environmental Law8 min
Corporate Law
Corporate Insolvency Resolution In India: A Criti...
Dr. E. Ramya
Corporate Law8 min
Civil Procedure/ADR
Case Comment On Dr. C.P. Sreekumar V. S.Ramanujan
Mayuresh Jaiswal
Civil Procedure/ADR8 min
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Digital Due Process and the Right to Explanation

Under Review
Submitted Jan 9, 2025Updated 2 days ago

Land Rights in the Era of Carbon Markets

Revision Requested
Submitted Nov 28, 2024Updated Jan 11

Judicial Review of Automated Welfare Systems

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Submitted Oct 14, 2024Updated Dec 19

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Latest Publications

August 2026

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Criminal Law

Protection Of Children From Sexual Offences Act, 2012 – An Overview

In 2012, the Legislature passed the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act to address child sexual abuse. Before this Act, certain provisions of the Indian Penal Code offered limited protection but contained significant loopholes, including the failure to recognise male victims and the absence of a statutory definition of child sexual abuse in sections 375, 354, and 377. The Goa Children's Act, 2003 was an earlier attempt at legislation at the state level. India ranked among the countries with the highest incidence of sexual offences against children, and surveys revealed that abuse frequently occurred within the child's immediate environment, perpetrated by known persons such as family members or persons in positions of trust. This Act protects children below the age of 18 years from sexual offences and provides a framework for investigation, trial, and adjudication of such cases. The severity of the problem was brought into sharp focus by the ‘Study on Child Abuse: India 2007’ conducted by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, which surveyed over 12,447 children across 13 states. The study found that more than 53 per cent of children surveyed had experienced one or more forms of sexual abuse, and that as few as three per cent of such offences were ever reported to the relevant authorities. [1] The Act divides sexual offences into four broad categories: sexual assault, aggravated sexual assault, penetrative sexual assault, and sexual harassment. The Act also prescribes punishments for each category of offence. With the passing of this legislation, the Legislature created a specific and comprehensive framework to deal with sexual offences against children. [1] Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, ‘Study on Child Abuse: India 2007’ (Government of India 2007). The study was conducted across 13 states and covered more than 12,447 children across different age groups.

Sakshi & Ananya Chaudhary
8 min 4
Property Law/Civil Procedure

When Property Has No Owner: A Jurisprudential Analysis With Reference To Indian Legal System And Contemporary Frontiers

The law of property ordinarily presupposes the existence of an identifiable owner who possesses a bundle of enforceable rights, including its title. The concept of ownerless property challenges this assumption by raising the question that what happens when no person can establish a legally recognised proprietary claim. The very concept was first evolved in ancient Rome and afterwards spread throughout the Europe and Common Law Countries. From this concept of ownerless property today’s modern concept of bona vacantia, escheat, abandonment, unclaimed and lapse properties have been derived. Article 296 of the Constitution of India recognised acquisition of property by escheat, lapse or bona vacantia. However, ownerless property remains conceptually fragmented across property, succession, constitutional, corporate and administrative jurisprudence. This article examines the jurisprudential foundations of ownerless property, distinguishes bona vacantia from escheat and abandoned property, analyses the constitutional position under Article 296 and Article 300A, and evaluates the role of the judiciary. Applying the Analytical Doctrinal Legal Research and using Primary and Secondary data sources it argues that the mere absence of a claim should not automatically be equated with absence of ownership. A legally regulated determination of ownerlessness, accompanied by procedural safeguards and mechanisms for restoration to subsequently established owners, is necessary to reconcile State sovereignty with private property rights.

Sourav Kar
8 min 23
Cyber Law/Contract Law

Unpacking The Illusion: A Legal Deconstruction Of Dark Patterns In Food Delivery Apps And India's Consumer Exploitation

Rapid digital adoption and adaptation is occurring in urban consumption on the backdrop of an expanding array of highly intricate electronic marketplace. In this new digitally-driven landscape, food delivery services and other digital interfaces are in process of dictating Indian consumer tastes by using deceitful interfaces referred to as 'dark patterns' which are cognitive-lock-in tactics utilized to influence consumer choice with the aim of cultivating impulse buying behaviors. The present legal research paper, will be discussing the wide ramifications, legal, economic, and regulatory, which emanate from the use of dark patterns in the largest food delivery services of India. The established doctrines of caveat emptor provided scant remedies for digital manipulation which were hitherto used by market players until the introduction of the new Consumer Protection Act, 2019 1 in India and subsequently guidelines and directions from the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) 2 following, to a degree, the benchmarks for addressing platform based manipulations laid by the Digital Services Act in the European Union 3 . Notwithstanding to the fact that, a gap in the Indian legal framework on the methods of enforcement of manipulations of interface design and hidden costs of dark patterns presented is discovered in this research paper. This paper is an attempt to observe and bring about the existence of such interface design elements which tricks and draws the Indian consumers into the forced continuity loop usage patterns and bypass the acquiring of an 'informed consent'. Such type of research is performed based on the method of doctrinal and analytical research which resulted after a critical and detailed review of the various statutes, guidelines, industry reports and by taking into account the observation of Parliament Standing Committee Report for establishing and determining the extent to which, manipulation of software and algorithmic designs can be argued to infringe upon the choices and autonomy of the Indian digital consumer based upon the efficiency and framework established under the Indian regime to counter such form of manipulation. Through this research paper, it has been noted that the Indian competition regulators acknowledge this problem of misleading user interface design but are unable to address it due to lacuna in enforcement mechanisms and absence of concrete statutory penalties which has to some extent led to the uncontrolled proliferation of such an interface design pattern across India. This paper finally proposes various policy interventions which must be instituted such as mandatory UI/UX Audits, establishing clear definitions of dark pattern taxonomies and imposing higher penalties and administrative fines.

Shelly
8 min 6
Constitutional Law

Autonomous Governance Under The Indian Constitution: The Sixth And Fifth Schedules And Article 370

The legal basis for autonomous regions in the Indian Constitution is examined in this study, with particular attention to Articles 1, 2, 3, 370, the Sixth and Fifth Schedules, and the historical context behind them. It furthermore talks about article 370 which gave special status to the state of Jammu and Kashmir, and what happened to this special authority when the article was revoked. Of particular importance is the Sixth Schedule, which describes the financial and administrative aspects of autonomous regions. This research adds to the growing body of knowledge about how constitutional provisions are tailored to meet the needs of different regions within the diverse nation of India.

Samhita Anil Adya
8 min 18

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